Which term describes the process of resolving disputes outside of the courtroom?

The process of resolving disputes outside of the courtroom is best described by the term "Alternative Dispute Resolution" (ADR). ADR encompasses a variety of methods that parties can use to settle their disputes without resorting to litigation, which involves formal court proceedings.

This term includes processes such as mediation and arbitration, both of which aim to resolve conflicts in a more informal and cost-effective manner than traditional legal routes. ADR allows for greater flexibility, confidentiality, and often a quicker resolution. It is particularly beneficial in maintaining relationships between disputing parties, as it fosters collaboration and communication.

In contrast, litigation is a formal process that takes place within the court system, making it less consistent with the ethos of resolving disputes outside of a courtroom setting. While mediation and arbitration are components of ADR, the broader term is what captures the entire spectrum of out-of-court dispute resolution methods.