What is the definition of 'actus reus' in law?

The term 'actus reus' refers specifically to the "guilty act" in criminal law. It encompasses the physical aspect of committing a crime, including any action taken or omission made that leads to a criminal offense. Understanding 'actus reus' is crucial for establishing liability, as it distinguishes between merely having the intent to commit a crime and actually carrying out the act itself.

This concept is foundational in criminal law, as it combines with 'mens rea' (the mental state) to create a complete understanding of a crime. While intention and mental state are important components of many offenses, they do not represent 'actus reus' itself. Other options refer to different legal principles—intentional acts by the state do not pertain to individual criminal responsibility, while a person's legal standing is related to their rights and liabilities rather than actions constituting a crime. Thus, 'guilty act' aptly captures the essence of 'actus reus.'