What does the principle of separation of powers refer to?

The principle of separation of powers refers to the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to prevent any one group from exercising the core functions of another. This framework typically divides authority among three branches: the executive, which enforces laws; the legislature, which makes laws; and the judiciary, which interprets laws. This separation is designed to create a system of checks and balances, ensuring that no single branch becomes too powerful or operates beyond its intended scope.

In this context, the separation of powers is fundamental to maintaining a functioning democracy and protecting individual liberties. It provides a mechanism for accountability, as each branch has the ability to limit the powers of the others, overriding potential abuses of power. This division promotes fairness and prevents tyranny, enhancing the stability and integrity of the governance system.