What are normative concepts concerned with?

Normative concepts are fundamentally related to the standards and principles that govern behavior within a society. They delve into what is considered normal or acceptable within the context of moral and ethical frameworks. Option B correctly identifies this focus, as normative concepts address the criteria and expectations that societies establish for appropriate conduct, guiding individuals on how they ought to act in various situations.

This perspective is foundational in fields such as ethics and law, where understanding what is deemed acceptable behavior can influence legislation, societal norms, and individual actions. For instance, normative theories might explore issues related to justice, rights, and obligations, considering what society views as right or wrong.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately capture the essence of normative concepts. Economic theories of justice focus on how justice is understood through economic lenses, while the application of legal statutes pertains to concrete legal processes and frameworks. The efficacy of law enforcement involves evaluating how effectively laws are implemented and upheld, which is distinct from the normative considerations regarding behavioral standards.